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CLARA PORSET: EL ETERNO RETORNO
CLARA PORSET:
EL ETERNO RETORNO
LA HABANA
FACTORIA HABANA
MAY 15 2016 - JUL 15 2016
At the gallery the Factoría Habana in the island’s capital, an exhibition in 2016 exhibited a sample of the interior designs of the celebrated Cuban designer Clara Porset (1895-1981), a pioneer of industrial design in Latin America. Much credit is due to Clara Porset, of which a lot had not been recognized. This exhibition set out to ensure praise and acknowledgement from her place birth.
Having studied at top institutes in the United States Porset’s furniture became valued as works of Art. The use of space and the selection of materials defined her designs. She was able to interpret and assimilate classical design, with traditions such as Mexican culture, incorporating into her work the use of fabric and vegetable fiber.
"She enriched her work by traveling and acquiring knowledge in America and Europe. She was awarded prizes such as the Italian Triennial in 1957 for the design of beach and garden furniture."
As an avant-garde designer, she was sensitive to lines and ripples capturing beauty and comfort with a utilitarian objective. Her work was determined by light and space and opposed to the excess ornaments, which had previously dominated design. She enriched her work by traveling and acquiring knowledge in America and Europe. She was awarded prizes such as the Italian Triennial in 1957 for the design of beach and garden furniture.
Much credit is due to Clara Porset, of which a lot had not been recognized as she deserves this exhibition set out to ensure praise and acknowledgement from her place birth. Perhaps her was no appreciated because she was based in Mexico. In 1961, she designed 2,000 pieces of furniture for the Camilo Cienfuegos School City. she also created the Department of Design, which would later become the School of Industrial Design. She also advocated for the overcoming of workers and for the feedback between professionals and workers. Porset resided in Mexico from 1940, until her death she was a professor at the Universidad Autónoma de México.
Clara Porset born in Cuba (May 25, 1895 – May 17, 1981), was a furniture and interior designer who lived and worked in Mexico for the best part of her working life, and it is there she is considered a pioneer in furniture design.
Born into a wealthy Cuban family in 1895, Porset had the opportunity to travel and, as a result, collected a wide range of artistic and political influences. She studied in New York from 1911 to 1914 and attended technical courses in architecture and design in her home country of Cuba. In 1925, Porset returned to New York City and continued her studies in art, architecture, and design at Columbia University's School of Fine Arts and the New York School of Interior Design.
In the latter part of the 1920s, Porset traveled to Europe where she met Bauhaus teachers Walter Gropius and Hans Emil "Hannes" Meyer, with whom she remained in contact for many years. From 1928 to 1931, she studied architecture and furniture design at the designer and architect Henri Rapin's Paris studio and attended classes at the École des Beaux-Arts, the Sorbonne, and the Louvre.
She returned to Cuba in 1932, where she served briefly as artistic director of the Escuela Técnica para Mujeres (Technical School for Women), but due to her outspoken political views, she was forced to leave Cuba in 1935. She then moved to Mexico, where she met and married the painter Xavier Guerrero. Through their partnership, she was introduced to the folk arts and the prominent artists of the country, who in turn influenced her career. The couple collaborated on a proposal for the Museum of Modern Art's (New York) 1940 competition, Organic Design in Home Furnishings. The pair were the first time Latin American designers included in the museum's call for proposals.
In the 1950s, Ruiz Galindo Industries (IRGSA), regarded as the best furniture manufacturer in Mexico, considered Porset, the finest designer. They hired her to design and develop furnishings for architectural projects they had going on in Mexico. She signed a contract to develop two collections: The E-series (quality wooden office furniture) and H-series (metal office furniture). These lines became popular in Mexico due to their: quality, high design, durability, and relatively low cost.
In 1952, Porset curated the exhibition Arte en la vida diaria: exposición de objetos de buen diseño hechos en México (Art in Daily Life: An Exhibition of Well-Designed Objects Made in Mexico) at the Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes (Mexico City).
Porset returned to post-revolutionary Cuba in 1959. President Fidel Castro commissioned her to design the furniture for the school of Camilo Cienfuegos, an institution symbolic of the new society envisioned by revolutionaries. Before returning to Mexico in 1963, she also created furniture for several other universities after her plans to establish a new design school in Cuba were not comprehended.
In 1969, designer Horacio Durán founded an industrial design program at the Escuela Nacional de Arquitectura (now part of Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM) and invited Porset to give a seminar. She continued teaching for the remainder of her life.
The Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes recognised Porset as a pioneer of modern Mexican design by awarding her a Gold Medal in 1971. The Clara Porset Design Prize has been awarded to Mexican design students since 1993.